Best Soil Temperatures for Planting Out Vegetables
Posted March 08, 2024
Planting out vegetables can be determined by soil temperature rather than a date. Use dates to help guide the right planting time, but honing on soil temperatures can really improve the health of your plants. Here is a list of the minimum soil temperatures, days to harvest and whether you should direct sow seed or start indoors (may either).
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Plant |
Cool or Warm Weather Plant (C or W) |
Plant Spacing |
Lowest Germination Temperature |
Days to Harvest (From Germination) |
Start Indoors (SI)or Direct Sow (DS) |
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Cucumber |
W |
6”-8” |
59° |
60-75 |
SI/DS |
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Cabbage |
C |
15”-20” |
41° |
60-140 |
SI/DS |
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Onion Plant |
C |
3”-4” |
41° |
60-80 |
DS |
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Onion Seed |
C |
2”-3” |
41° |
120-150 |
SI/DS |
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Turnip |
C |
4”-5” |
41° |
40-55 |
DS |
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Corn |
W |
10” |
59° |
120-140 |
SI/DS |
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Malabar Spinach |
W |
8”-10” |
68° |
90-120 |
SI |
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Chard |
C |
4”-6” |
44° |
45-60 |
SI/DS |
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Carrot |
C |
1”-2” |
42° |
90-140 |
DS |
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Melon |
W |
15”-24” |
68° |
95-105 |
SI/DS |
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Eggplant |
W |
15”-18” |
68° |
140-200 |
SI |
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Mustard Greens |
C |
4”-6” |
41° |
40-55 |
DS |
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Cauliflower |
C |
15”-17” |
41° |
110-140 |
SI |
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Broccoli |
C |
15”-18” |
41° |
90-120 |
SI |
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Brussels Sprouts |
C |
15”-18” |
41° |
90-120 |
SI |
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Green Beans |
W |
4”-5” |
54° |
60-90 |
SI/DS |
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Peppers |
W |
15”-17” |
65° |
130-180 |
SI |
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Radish |
C |
2”-3” |
41° |
25-35 |
DS |
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Kale |
C |
4”-12” |
41° |
25-110 |
SI/DS |
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Potato |
C |
8”-12” |
41° |
90-130 |
SI/DS |
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Squash/Pumpkin |
W |
35” |
62° |
90-140 |
SI/DS |
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Leek |
C |
4”-5” |
39° |
160-200 |
SI |
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Arugula |
C |
1”-3” |
41° |
25-30 |
DS |
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Beets |
C |
2”-4” |
45° |
55-75 |
DS |
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Scallions |
C |
3/4” |
39° |
70-100 |
SI/DS |
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Lettuce |
C |
3”-6” |
41° |
30-70 |
SI/DS |
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Spinach |
C |
2”-4” |
41° |
35-45 |
SI/DS |
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Tomato |
W |
15”-24” |
58° |
90-160 |
SI |
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Garden Peas |
C |
2”-4” |
41° |
50-70 |
DS |
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